Vai maz zini īsto iemeslu kādēļ jāmet 3 saujas smilšu mirušā kapā. Varbūt lai mirušā spoks nenāktu tevi apciemot

Daži mācītāji to attiecina uz māņticību. Piemēram, daudzi cilvēki uzskata, ka, ja viņi iemetīs zemi kapā, tad pie viņiem sapnī nenāks šis cilvēks un viņa gars nenāks tevi apciemot. 

Mūsdienu cilvēki mēģina izskaidrot paraduma izcelsmi ar seno slāvu apbedīšanas tradīciju. Patiešām, apmēram līdz 5. gadsimtam Senās Rusas teritorijā dzīvojošās tautas pēc senās Irānas paradumiem sadedzināja savu mirušo cilts cilvēku ķermeņus, pēc tam pelnus ievietoja urnā.

Pastāv versija, saskaņā ar kuru visi radinieki piedalījās urna apbedīšanas ceremonijā ar pelniem. Katrs no viņiem meta zemi ar savām rokām uz urnas, un tā ātri tika aprakta zem zemes. Pēc tam virs apbedījuma vietas tika uzcelta domina – neliels “mājoklis”, kurā pēc nāves it kā dzīvoja mirušā dvēsele.

Kopš 6. gadsimta senie slāvi sāka apglabāt mirušos zem kokiem un tieši zemē. Tiek uzskatīts, ka paradums iemest zemi mirušā kapā simbolizē bēru kopību, it kā iesaistīšanos tajās. Prinča bērēs visiem viņa karavīriem bija pienākums līdz kapam nest ķiveri, kas piepildīta ar zemi. Gan armēņu, gan Mari. Tikmēr līdzīgs rituāls pastāv starp daudzām tautām, piemēram, osetīnu vidū notika zemes veltīšanas rituāls mirušajam.

Bērēs viens no vecākajiem, kuram uz lāpstas tika likta zeme, trīs reizes paņēma to saujā un šķērsām apkaisīja mirušā krūtis, “lai viņš bez grēka ieiet viņam paredzētajā zemē”. Par to rakstīja vēsturnieks Anzor Valerievich Darchiev savā darbā “Paraža“ zemes veltīšana osetiešu apbedīšanas rituālos ”.

Līdzīgu paradumu etnogrāfs Klimentijs Germanovičs Juadarovs apraksta darbā “Mountain Mari”: “Viņi nonāk kapsētā. Viņi ieliek zārku. Audekls tiek noņemts no mirušā sejas, un viņi jau pēdējo reizi atvadās. Apklājot viņa seju ar audeklu, virsū pārkaisa zemi, kas liecina par ķermeņa nodošanos zemei. Armēņu baznīcā bija tāds pats paradums – mirušo krustveidīgi apkaisīt ar iesvētītu zemi un pēc tam viņu pārklāt ar plīvuru virsū un tad aizvērt zārku.

Islāmā pēc ķermeņa nolaišanas kapā katrs no klātesošajiem vīriešiem iemet tajā sauju zemes, vienlaikus skaitot Korāna pantu “Mēs visi piederam Dievam un atgriežamies pie Viņa” (2: 156), pēc ”zemes kalniņa” uzcelšanas kapā ielej ūdeni un uz tā met septiņas saujas zemes lasot lūgšanu, kurā teikts, ka cilvēks ir radīts no zemes, atgriežas uz zemes, bet drīz tiks “izņemts no tās”.

Lasi vēl: Visi apsmēja šo pāri, bet paskat tik, kādi viņi izskatās tagad!

Ir acīmredzams, ka sākotnējā tradīcija mest zemi kapā radās no vecākas reliģijas – tas ir, no jūdaisma. Bet no kurienes viņa tur ieradās? Patiešām, Bībeles laikos mirušie tika apglabāti “zārkos” – alās-kriptās, kur ķermenis satrūdēja, un kaulus pēc tam ievietoja īpašās kastēs – ossuārijās.

Pirms revolūcijas kapsētas atradās pie baznīcām, un tajās apglabāja katru pareizticīgo. Pēc bēru dievkalpojuma priesteris kopā ar draudzes locekļiem devās uz kapsētu, un, kad zārks tika nolaists kapā, viņš paņēma lāpstu un nometa tur zemi, lasot lūgšanu, parādot visiem, ka mēs esam radīti no zemes un atgriezāmies uz zemes.

Boļševiku laikā, kad baznīcu bija mazāk, bēres sākās neklātienē. Iesvētītā zeme tika izsniegta radiniekiem, lai viņi to aizvestu uz kapu un izkaisītu tur, atgādinot sev un saviem tuviniekiem par līdzāspastāvēšanas trauslumu, par kopā būšanas svarīgumu.

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